38 SEXUAL HARASSMENT

Sexual Harassment in the Modern Era

Abstract

Sexual harassment is deeply rooted in society and influenced by long-standing social norms that sexualize and objectify women and assume women and sexual or gender minorities hold inferior status. It occurs in educational institutions, housing, on the street, and in diverse workplaces including healthcare, law, government, the military, food services, retail, and film. The definition of sexual harassment encompasses sexual coercion, unwanted sexual attention, and gender harassment or bias. Gender harassment manifests as insulting and hostile attitudes and behaviors towards members of one gender, whether men, women, or non-binary individuals. Harassment usually indicates a desire to exert power, rather than sexual attraction. Consequences for the victim include depression, anxiety, burnout, lower productivity, loss of confidence, and slower career advancement. Fears of retaliation lead to fewer reports.

Keywords

sexual harassment

sexual coercion

gender harassment

Civil Rights Act

19th amendment

Me Too

sexual assault

quid pro quo

objectification

Perpetrators

street harassment

Intimate partner violence

Mary Wollstonecraft

Violence Against Women Act

About

Kim Templeton

Kim Templeton

MD, FAAOS, FAMWA

Kim Templeton, MD is a Professor of orthopedic surgery at the University of Kansas Medical Center in Kansas City and department vice-chair for diversity and equity.  She was the first McCann Professor of Women in Medicine and Science in the United States.  She received the inaugural Women Leaders in Medicine Award from the American Medical Student Association in 2008, the Marjorie J. Siddridge leadership award for women in medicine from the University of Kansas in 2012, the Elizabeth Blackwell Award for outstanding contributions to the cause of women in the field of medicine in 2013 and the Bertha Van Hoosen Award in 2019 for exceptional leadership and service to women physicians and students (both from the American Medical Women’s Association), and was named to the University of Kansas Women’s Hall of Fame and an honorary alumnus of the University of Kansas in 2014.

Dr. Templeton is a past president of the American Medical Women’s Association and was the first orthopedic surgeon to lead that organization.  She is an invited founding board member of the Academy of Women’s Health. She is past vice-chair of the AMA Women Physician Section and past chair of the AMA Orthopaedic Section.  She initiated and worked with the AMA in developing their new policy that recognizes an “expanded definition of ‘women’s health”. Dr. Templeton is a member of the NBME and is currently working on their RENEW project to assess sources of stress related to step 1.  She is a member of the ACGME Orthopaedic Residency Review Committee and is one of the 2 orthopedic surgery representatives to the AAMC Council on Faculty and Academic Societies.  She has been a member of committees within the NQF and the osteoporosis expert review committee of the NCQA. Dr. Templeton is a past president of the US Bone and Joint Initiative and is a current member and past president of the Kansas State Board of Healing Arts.  

Dr. Templeton’s areas of focus include issues faced by women physicians and the inclusion of sex and gender medicine in medical education.  Her work addressing the issues of women physicians extends from medical students to those nearing the end of practice and includes such topics as burnout and re-entry to practice.  Dr. Templeton was the lead author of the National Academy of Medicine paper on burnout among women physicians that came out in 2019.

Connie B. Newman

MD, FACP, FAMWA